The newly released "Battery Industry Pollutant Discharge Standard" (GB 30484-2013) is of great significance to my country's implementation of international environmental protection conventions and strengthening the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution. The standard, answered the reporter's question.

1. What is the background of the formulation of the "Battery Industry Pollutant Discharge Standard"?

my country is the world's largest battery producer and exporter. Among them, the export volume of zinc-manganese batteries exceeds 60%, the export volume of secondary batteries exceeds 65%, and the export volume of solar cells exceeds 90%. At the same time, with the rapid development of industries such as automobiles, electric vehicles, and communications, the battery industry still has Larger development space.

The battery industry is a key industry for heavy metal consumption and emissions. In recent years, heavy metal pollution accidents have occurred frequently. The state has issued documents such as the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Heavy Metal Pollution" to comprehensively strengthen the environmental supervision of heavy metal-related industries such as lead battery production. At present, my country's battery industry implements the "Comprehensive Discharge Standards for Sewage" (GB 8978-1996) and "Comprehensive Discharge Standards for Air Pollutants" (GB 16297-1996), with low entry barriers and weak pertinence. It is necessary to formulate and implement more stringent The emission standards of the industry have been raised, and the environmental protection threshold of the industry has been raised. For this reason, the Ministry of Environmental Protection has decided to formulate the "Battery Industry Pollutant Emission Standards".

2. How does the "Battery Industry Pollutant Discharge Standard" improve the emission control requirements?

The first is to tighten the pollutant discharge limits in general, including the discharge limits of lead, mercury, cadmium, nickel, zinc, manganese, silver and other pollutants from existing and new battery enterprises, as well as the fugitive discharge limits at the factory boundary; the second is Enhance the operability of the standard, clarify the pollution factors that different types of battery enterprises should focus on controlling; third, embody the principle of total quantity control, and set the benchmark displacement of different types of battery unit products; fourth, further strengthen the applicability of the standard, delete the actual The maximum allowable emission rate regulations that are difficult to operate in the work; fifth, special emission limits for pollutants applicable to environmentally sensitive areas have been added.

3. What is the emission control level of the "Battery Industry Pollutant Discharge Standard"?

The pollutant emission limits set by the "Battery Industry Pollutant Discharge Standards" are stricter than the current national comprehensive emission standards, and also stricter than some current local emission standards, equivalent to the average control level of developed countries. In areas with serious accumulation of heavy metal pollution, it is necessary to formulate and implement stricter local discharge standards, or to set stricter control requirements through environmental assessment approval, pollution discharge permits, etc. For this purpose, the standard clearly stipulates: This standard is the battery industry pollutant discharge control basic requirements. Local provincial people's governments may formulate local pollutant discharge standards for pollutant items not specified in this standard; for pollutant items specified in this standard, they may formulate local pollutant discharge standards stricter than this standard. When the requirements for environmental impact assessment documents are stricter than this standard or local standards, the approved environmental impact assessment documents shall be implemented.

4. What costs and benefits are expected to be brought by the "Battery Industry Pollutant Discharge Standard"?

After the implementation of this standard, it is estimated that the annual waste water discharge of the battery industry can be reduced by 700,000 tons; the COD discharge can be reduced by 448 tons; the discharge of lead and cadmium in water can be reduced by 3.74 tons and 0.04 tons respectively, and the discharge of lead in the atmosphere can be reduced by 15 tons. Correspondingly, the battery industry needs to increase investment in environmental protection. The new investment in environmental protection is about 1.6 billion yuan, and the annual operating cost is 200 million yuan. From the perspective of controlling heavy metal pollution, promoting technological progress and structural optimization of the battery industry, the expected environmental benefits and investment intensity are appropriate, and the cost of reaching the standard is acceptable to the battery industry. Of course, some enterprises with backward technology and serious pollution, and relying on environmental dividends to survive will be eliminated.

5. What are the feasible measures to meet the standards in the battery industry?

Enterprises should adopt whole-process control measures to prevent and reduce the production and discharge of pollutants. In terms of raw materials, the emission of toxic and harmful substances is reduced through the substitution of raw and auxiliary materials; in terms of products, the consumption of lead and other heavy metals is reduced by changing the product structure (such as R&D, application and promotion of lead-carbon batteries) to reduce pollutant emissions; in terms of process equipment, by adopting Internal chemical synthesis, automatic assembly and other technologies reduce the consumption of raw and auxiliary materials and the load of pollutants produced and discharged; in terms of pollution control, the total amount of pollutant discharge is reduced through technologies such as advanced wastewater treatment and reuse, and multi-level treatment of waste gas; in terms of environmental management, through Strengthen environmental supervision and monitoring, improve management systems and other measures to reduce environmental risks and curb heavy metal pollution accidents.

6. Why do the new standards add regulations on environmental quality monitoring around enterprises?

Heavy metal pollutants can be enriched in the crowd, soil, and water around the enterprise, and have the characteristics of long-term, cumulative, concealed, and latent. Even if the enterprise discharges up to the standard, the long-term accumulation will cause certain pollution to the surrounding soil, plants, and people, which will lead to pollution accidents. The basic means to discover environmental problems and solve cumulative environmental pollution is to intensify environmental monitoring. "National Environmental Monitoring Twelfth Five-Year Plan", "Notice on Strengthening the Pollution Prevention and Control of Lead-acid Battery and Regenerated Lead Industry" and relevant local policies and regulations all put forward the requirements for strengthening the monitoring of heavy metals in the surrounding environment of enterprises. The Measures for Self-Monitoring and Information Disclosure of Monitoring Enterprises (Trial Implementation) and the Measures for Supervisory Monitoring and Information Disclosure of Pollution Sources of National Key Monitoring Enterprises (Trial Implementation) put forward requirements for the establishment of a self-monitoring and reporting system for enterprises. The basic and principled provisions included in this standard.